COMP 273 Assignment 4

COMP 273 Assignment 4
School of Computer Science
By handing in your solutions using myCourses, you declare that you have followed
the assignment submission instructions at the end of this assignment.
Late policy: 10% off of the total marks, per day late, for up to 2 days. If
submitted 48 hrs or more after the deadline, your assignment will not be
accepted.
1 Memory Mapped I/O - Banking Application (70
marks)
The goal of this question is to create a mini banking application using MMIO in
MARS. There are two types of accounts: Checking and Savings. Each bank account is
represented by a unique 5-digit number. Each account has a balance. The operations
that can be performed include: a) opening an account b) finding out the balance,
c) making a deposit, d) making a withdrawal, e) transferring between accounts, f)
taking a loan, g) closing an account, h) displaying query history and i) quitting the
application.
All I/O operations must be performed using MMIO. Operations are executed when the appropriate commands are input and the <CR (carriagereturn) key is pressed.
5 marks is given for the overall flow of the program. The transactions
should build on one another. You can add other variables as you need
them in the .data section.
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A single 1D array containing words will be used to store all banking information in
the following format:
[checking acct no, savings acct no,
checking balance, savings balance, loan]
The contents of this array are to printed to the standard I/O window
after each operation. The elements in the array are originally initialized to 0. An
example of a populated array is:
[12345, 67890, 1500, 670, 200]
A second array will be used to hold the last 5 queries performed. The array will
always have 5 elements, which are integers, for each query, and older queries can be
pushed out of the array. This array should be updated after each operation. The
second array can thus be a 25x1 array, where each row corresponds to the banking
array’s contents after previous transactions.
Table 1 shows the list of operations and the corresponding command format. A
subroutine should be created for each operation.
Table 1: List of Banking Application Operations.
S/N Operation Command Format Subroutine name
1
Open Account
(Checking) CH Acct-No Opening-Balance open_account
2
Open Account
(Savings) SV Acct-No Opening-Balance open_account
3 Deposit DE Acct-No Amount deposit
4 Withdraw WT Acct-No Amount withdraw
5 Loan LN Amount get_loan
6 Transfer TR Acct-No-From Acct-No-To Amount transfer
7 Close CL Acct-No close_account
8 Balance BL Acct-No get_balance
9 History QH Number-of-Queries history
10 Quit QT quit
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Note:
1. Each command and the subsequent numbers (account number or balance) are
separated by at least a single space. Extra spaces should be ignored.
2. The commands have to be in capital letters (e.g., CL, LN, TR etc.). Small
letters are not allowed.
3. An error message should be displayed if an invalid instruction is entered and
the user should be prompted to enter a valid command. The error message
should always be:
“That is an invalid banking transaction. Please enter a valid one.”
4. The balance, deposit, withdrawal or loan amount will not exceed 10000000 (10
million).
5. The values from MMIO should be converted from ASCII to integers when saving them as words representing integers in the arrays. This makes computations
and printing easier. A smart idea would be to write a subroutine that
converts an ASCII string of chars, corresponding to digits 0-9, to the
equivalent integer value.
6. The program should terminate when the user enters the QT.
1.1 Account Opening (10 marks)
The two types of account that can be created are a checking account and a savings
account. The commands to create a checking account and savings account are CH
and SV followed by the account number and opening balance. This operation can
only be performed if there is no existing account of that type. An error message
should be displayed otherwise.
For example, if the user enters CH 10101 500, a checking account with account
number 10101 and a balance of 500 should be created. The banking information
array should have the following values:
[10101, 0, 500, 0, 0]
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If the user then enters SV 20202 17500, a savings account with account number
20202 and a balance of 17500 should be created. The updated banking information
array becomes:
[10101, 20202, 500, 17500, 0]
Note that an operation only occurs when the <CR key is pressed. An error message
should be displayed if the command format is not correct and the application should
wait for new instructions to be keyed in.
1.2 Operations (35 marks)
The three operations that can be performed are deposit, withdrawal, transfer, loan
and close account. All these operations can only take place if the account mentioned
actually exists.
Make a Deposit (5 marks)
The deposit operation is triggered when the following command is entered: DE
20202 100. An amount of 100 is deposited into the account with account number
20202. The updated banking information array becomes:
[10101, 20202, 500, 17600, 0]
Make a Withdrawal (10 marks)
The withdrawal operation is triggered when the following command is entered: W T
10101 200. An amount of 200 is withdrawn from the account with account number
10101 if the current balance is greater than the withdrawal amount. Else, an error
message should be displayed. The updated banking information array becomes:
[10101, 20202, 300, 17600, 0]
If a withdrawal is made from a savings account, a 5% fee (5% of the withdrawal
amount) is deducted from the account. For example, if the following command is
entered W T 20202 1000, a 50 fee is deducted from the savings account and the
updated banking information array becomes:
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[10101, 20202, 300, 16550, 0]
Take a Loan (10 marks)
A loan can be taken from the bank if the account holder has a combined amount
of greater than 10, 000 in both accounts. The loan cannot exceed 50% of the total
account balance - in such a case an error message is displayed. A loan is triggered
if the following command is entered: LN 2000. In this particular case a loan of
2000 is given to the user since it meets the loan requirements. The updated banking
information array becomes:
[10101, 20202, 300, 16550, 2000]
Transfer between Accounts (5 marks)
A transfer can be made from either account to the other. A transfer is triggered
when the following command is entered: T R 20202 10101 4000. An amount of 4000
is transferred from the savings account 20202 to the checking account 10101. You
have to check that there is enough balance in the originating account, else an error
message is displayed. The updated banking information array becomes:
[10101, 20202, 4300, 12500, 2000]
A loan is payed back using the transfer operation by entering the following command
T R 10101 1000. This command has 3 entries, not 4. In this case an amount of 1000
is withdrawn from the checking account to pay 1000 out of the loan. You have to
check that there is enough money in the account and the amount being paid back
is not more than the loan amount. An error message should be displayed otherwise.
The updated banking information array becomes:
[10101, 20202, 3300, 12500, 1000]
Closing an Account (5 marks)
An account is closed if the following command is entered: CL 10101. If the other
account is still open, all the balance in the account to be closed is transferred to the
other account. Thus, the updated banking information array becomes:
[0, 20202, 0, 15800, 1000]
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However, if the other account is closed and the following command is entered CL
20202, the remaining balance is used to clear pending loans. Any “extra” money is
lost.
Thus, the updated banking information array becomes:
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
NOTE: An error message should be triggered if the format for any of the operations
is incorrect.
1.3 Queries (15 marks)
The two queries that can be performed are a balance inquiry and a query history.
Get Account Balance (5 marks)
This operation is triggered when the following command is entered: BL 20202. The
current balance in the account with account number 20202 is returned. If the current
banking information array is [10101, 20202, 5000, 300, 50], the command BL 20202
will return:
$300
Query History (10 marks)
This operation should return the last n contents of the bank array up to a maximum
of 5. Thus the command QH4 will return:
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[0, 20202, 0, 15800, 1000]
[10101, 20202, 3300, 12500, 1000]
[10101, 20202, 4300, 12500, 2000]
If 0 <= n 5, an error message should be displayed. Also if n is greater than the
number of elements in the query array, an error message should be displayed.
1.4 Quit Program (5 marks)
Your program should terminate only when the user enters QT. This should be the
only time when your program terminates.
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2 Finite State Machine (30 marks)
Consider a circuit that has a data input Data and a reset input Reset and a single
output Z.
The output Z should be asserted true (set to 1) whenever the string of 1s and 0s
entered since the last assertion of Reset, when interpreted as an unsigned binary
integer, is divisible by 5. Otherwise it should be set to false (0). Assume that the
two inputs act independently, i.e., they can change at the same time. Also, approach
this problem using a Moore machine, where the output Z’s value is associated with
being in a particular state, and not with the transition itself. This will be explained
further in class - the parity-checker FSM is an example of a Moore machine. Finally,
use the following properties:
1. If a%5 = α and b%5 = β then (a + b)%5 = (α + β)%5.
2. If a current string has a numerical value of x then placing a 0 on the right hand
side results in a string having a value x + x and placing a 1 results in a string
having a value x + x + 1.
Derive a symbolic state transition table for this problem (a finite state machine).
Now, choose a state encoding and then, using D flip-flops that are rising-edge triggered, derive expressions for the output Z and the new states as functions of the
current states and the current inputs.
Draw the underlying digital circuit using Logisim-evolution. There is a single Data
input and a single Reset input and a single output Z. The sampling of inputs should
be controlled by a clock, i.e., the inputs are sampled at each rising edge of the clock.
Test your circuit with various sequences of inputs to make sure it works as expected.
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ASSIGNMENT SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS
Each student is to submit his or her own unique solution to these questions, electronically, in myCourses. By handing in this assignment, you declare that the work
you are submitting is your own.
1. You have been given starter code: bank.asm in the Assignment 4 folder. Your
solution to the question should assemble and run in MARS. Comment your
code as much as possible to make it easy to grade and give partial marks.
2. The logisim circuit(s) must run under logisim-evolution, to be graded. We will
assume that you have tested it.
3. Zip your files: your PDF file, assembly file and Logisim circuit into a single file
and rename it with your student ID number, e.g., 260763964.zip. Ensure that
you use only the .zip format and no other compression software e.g., .rar, .7z,
etc. Make sure that you submit a single file (the zipped file), not many files.
4. Submit this single compressed file on myCourses under Assignment 4.
5. Hints, suggestions and clarifications may be posted on the discussion board on
myCourses as questions arise. Even if you don’t have any questions, it is a
good idea to check the discussion board.
6. Once you have submitted your assignment, download the files you uploaded
and check that it is indeed what you intended us to grade. This step is critical
because a non-trivial number of you will submit the wrong files, or a corrupted
version. You cannot submit a corrected file later, i.e., after the submission
deadline and the two day “late” window have passed.
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