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Project 4: Memory Management
Memory Management Project 40 points
The purpose of this project is to gain an appreciation of the work involved in managing virtual memory, and to compare different page replacement policies for virtual memory management. The assignment is to write a simple virtual memory simulation.
Problem Statement Develop a simulation program to investigate the relative effectiveness of the FIFO, LRU, and OPT page replacement strategies. Your program should measure the number of page faults generated by each strategy.
Your simulator should read a reference string from a file. The reference string items will be of the form: <PID <page ref, where PID is a process ID and page ref is a page of that process' logical memory. There will be one reference per line of the file. For example, the following might be the beginning of an input file:
1 45 1 46 1 45 1 44 1 45 2 45 2 46 2 47 2 47 2 46
This reference string corresponds to Process 1 accessing its pages 45, 46, 45, 44, and 45, then Process 2 accessing its pages 45, 46, 47, 47, and 46. We will assume a pure demand paging system (i.e., no prefetching). The simulation also must allow the number of physical frames to be specified. So for example, if there are 3 or more frames available, the above reference string will cause 6 page faults for all three strategies (one for each time a new page is referenced). If there are only 2 frames available, then there would be 6 page faults for LRU and OPT, and 7 page faults for FIFO.
The input file name and the number of physical frames may be entered interactively or on the commandline. The output for this simulation is the number of page faults generated for each replacement strategy.
For the purposes of making this simulation manageable, assume a program has 2 megabytes (2048 kilobytes) of virtual memory divided into 1K pages (i.e., a program can generate page references from 0 to 2047), and there will no more than 150 processes (PIDs 0 to 149). We also will assume a global replacement strategy. That is, when a page fault occurs, the victim page can be taken from any process. We will ignore the issue of dirty pages by assuming that all victim pages have not been modified.
03/20/2018 Page 1 of 3 D. Hwang
Assignment (40 points) (20 points) This project is to be done individually or in pairs. Each student/pair must implement a simulation meeting the specifications above for each page replacement algorithm with a physical memory size (in frames) that can be set for each run of the program.
The simulator may be written in any language for either Linux (projects must run on csserver) or Windows (projects using any IDE available in CS Lab are acceptable). However, the instructor can provide assistance only for C/C++ projects, and maybe Java projects. Provide a makefile that will make your project if it needs to be compiled. The file names and frame number value may be provided to the simulation either as commandline arguments or interactively. Hardcoding the test file names or frame number values into the program is not acceptable.
(10 points) Provide a highlevel discussion of the program describing the functionality of the major components of the program and how they interact with each other, and a more detailed discussion for the data structures and algorithms for the memory management portion of the program. In particular, discuss how the system keeps track of which process a frame belongs to, and how a replacement page is determined for each replacement strategy. If the program does not meet all of the project requirements, describe which parts are missing and what you think should be done to implement them.
(10 points) Each student must provide the results of running their simulation using the test files provided on csserver in /home/hwang/cs470/project4 (to be released on or before April 2) for 10, 50, and 100 physical frames. Each student should produce a summary table showing the number of page faults generated for each strategy for each number of frames (nine values in all) for each file. The files will exhibit varying degrees of locality and number of processes. A README file will be placed in the directory explaining each file.
In addition, each student should answer the following questions (provide two sets of answers if doing the project in a pair): 1. Which replacement strategy would you choose and why? You should consider both the end results and the effort it took to implement each strategy. Discuss what your results show about the relative merits of FIFO, LRU, and OPT for the different input files. 2. What aspect of memory management did you find most difficult to implement? 3. What aspect of memory management did you find least difficult to implement? 4. What, if anything, would you change in your current design? 5. What, if anything, did you find interesting or surprising about page replacement algorithms that you did not know before doing this project?
03/20/2018 Page 2 of 3 D. Hwang
What to Submit Create a tarfile or zipfile containing the following:
• The welldocumented code source code for your project. If you are submitting a Windows project, submit the entire project folder. • A makefile to make your project, if needed • A single document in PDF format containing: ◦ instructions on how to build and/or run the program ◦ the discussion of the functional design of your project ◦ the answers to the questions above • The summary results tables may be pasted into the PDF document above, or submitted as a separate textfile.
The purpose of this project is to gain an appreciation of the work involved in managing virtual memory, and to compare different page replacement policies for virtual memory management. The assignment is to write a simple virtual memory simulation.
Problem Statement Develop a simulation program to investigate the relative effectiveness of the FIFO, LRU, and OPT page replacement strategies. Your program should measure the number of page faults generated by each strategy.
Your simulator should read a reference string from a file. The reference string items will be of the form: <PID <page ref, where PID is a process ID and page ref is a page of that process' logical memory. There will be one reference per line of the file. For example, the following might be the beginning of an input file:
1 45 1 46 1 45 1 44 1 45 2 45 2 46 2 47 2 47 2 46
This reference string corresponds to Process 1 accessing its pages 45, 46, 45, 44, and 45, then Process 2 accessing its pages 45, 46, 47, 47, and 46. We will assume a pure demand paging system (i.e., no prefetching). The simulation also must allow the number of physical frames to be specified. So for example, if there are 3 or more frames available, the above reference string will cause 6 page faults for all three strategies (one for each time a new page is referenced). If there are only 2 frames available, then there would be 6 page faults for LRU and OPT, and 7 page faults for FIFO.
The input file name and the number of physical frames may be entered interactively or on the commandline. The output for this simulation is the number of page faults generated for each replacement strategy.
For the purposes of making this simulation manageable, assume a program has 2 megabytes (2048 kilobytes) of virtual memory divided into 1K pages (i.e., a program can generate page references from 0 to 2047), and there will no more than 150 processes (PIDs 0 to 149). We also will assume a global replacement strategy. That is, when a page fault occurs, the victim page can be taken from any process. We will ignore the issue of dirty pages by assuming that all victim pages have not been modified.
03/20/2018 Page 1 of 3 D. Hwang
Assignment (40 points) (20 points) This project is to be done individually or in pairs. Each student/pair must implement a simulation meeting the specifications above for each page replacement algorithm with a physical memory size (in frames) that can be set for each run of the program.
The simulator may be written in any language for either Linux (projects must run on csserver) or Windows (projects using any IDE available in CS Lab are acceptable). However, the instructor can provide assistance only for C/C++ projects, and maybe Java projects. Provide a makefile that will make your project if it needs to be compiled. The file names and frame number value may be provided to the simulation either as commandline arguments or interactively. Hardcoding the test file names or frame number values into the program is not acceptable.
(10 points) Provide a highlevel discussion of the program describing the functionality of the major components of the program and how they interact with each other, and a more detailed discussion for the data structures and algorithms for the memory management portion of the program. In particular, discuss how the system keeps track of which process a frame belongs to, and how a replacement page is determined for each replacement strategy. If the program does not meet all of the project requirements, describe which parts are missing and what you think should be done to implement them.
(10 points) Each student must provide the results of running their simulation using the test files provided on csserver in /home/hwang/cs470/project4 (to be released on or before April 2) for 10, 50, and 100 physical frames. Each student should produce a summary table showing the number of page faults generated for each strategy for each number of frames (nine values in all) for each file. The files will exhibit varying degrees of locality and number of processes. A README file will be placed in the directory explaining each file.
In addition, each student should answer the following questions (provide two sets of answers if doing the project in a pair): 1. Which replacement strategy would you choose and why? You should consider both the end results and the effort it took to implement each strategy. Discuss what your results show about the relative merits of FIFO, LRU, and OPT for the different input files. 2. What aspect of memory management did you find most difficult to implement? 3. What aspect of memory management did you find least difficult to implement? 4. What, if anything, would you change in your current design? 5. What, if anything, did you find interesting or surprising about page replacement algorithms that you did not know before doing this project?
03/20/2018 Page 2 of 3 D. Hwang
What to Submit Create a tarfile or zipfile containing the following:
• The welldocumented code source code for your project. If you are submitting a Windows project, submit the entire project folder. • A makefile to make your project, if needed • A single document in PDF format containing: ◦ instructions on how to build and/or run the program ◦ the discussion of the functional design of your project ◦ the answers to the questions above • The summary results tables may be pasted into the PDF document above, or submitted as a separate textfile.
1 file (422.8KB)
